Human Trafficking And Its Effects On The World - 3313 Words

Human trafficking has been present in the world for many years. Such practices date as far back as the Romans. Trafficking has drastically increased, especially in profit around the world for those who benefit from the sales. Since then, tough practices and evolved technology have grown and aided in the growth of the trafficking trade. Human trafficking is not just meant for selling people for sex or selling them for work as some may believe, both take place. Especially here in the United States where one of our most popular sporting events attract traffickers. Those who participate in this practice whether they be the traffickers or customers damage our economy. Also, the various damaging effects of the victims leave them broken, some never recover. Fortunately, there are many ways to educate, prevent, and combat the trafficking of persons, labor and sex, and awareness is half the battle. The 1400’s sparked the beginning of slave trading through transportation of Afric an people to European countries and in 1562 British countries followed suit (Rutgers, 2011). Crime began to take a much darker turn as slavery became a global epidemic, sweeping across countries and luring people into trafficking. During the 1650’s and 1900’s, approximately 28 million Africans were taken from central and western Africa by force, to be used as slaves (Agatucci, 2010). More and more countries became aware of such practices and began to participate in the trafficking of African slaves.Show MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking And Its Effects On The World1105 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Paper There is a depression notion that the human race is willing to do anything to make money. Across the world, people are creating illegal markets at the expense of other in order to achieve profits. Some have small environmental impact while others affect the world significantly. Some markets that are well documented in media, and are more well known throughout society are drugs, human trafficking, and slavery. These are serious markets that need to be abolished, but have a small impactRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Its Effects On The World1103 Words   |  5 PagesThere is a depression notion that the human race is willing to do anything to make money. Across the world, people are creating illegal markets at the expense of other in order to achieve profits. Some have small environmental impact while others affect the world significantly. Some markets that are well documented in media, and are more well known throughout society are drugs, human trafficking, and slavery. These are seri ous markets that need to be abolished, but have a small impact on the environmentRead MoreHuman Trafficking, the Modern Slavery1034 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Perspectives Essay #2 Human Trafficking Causes and Effects Human Trafficking, The Modern Slavery Introduction Human trafficking is a big problem all around the world. Every year, thousands of men, women and children are kidnapped by traffickers, and forced into sexual exploitation and slavery. In this essay, I will talk about the causes of human trafficking and what effects it has on the victims, families, and society. Causes The cause of human trafficking is mainly the organizedRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Grave Crime And A Serious Violation Of Human Rights1555 Words   |  7 PagesHumana Trafficking Introduction Human trafficking refers to the practice of recruiting, transferring, transporting, receiving, or harboring people through the use of force, threat, or other forms of abduction, coercion, deception, fraud, as well as abuse of power or vulnerability position (Segrave 2). Human trafficking is a grave crime and a serious violation of human rights as it involves a broad range of human exploitations, including forced labor, sexual exploitation, slavery practices, as wellRead MoreSex Trafficking : A Common Issue For A Long Time1394 Words   |  6 Pages Sex trafficking can happen everywhere. People do not even realize when it is happening. Someone could be living their life, just as they normally do, and decided to go to the mall. Sometimes they may not even know that a little kid is going to be kidnapped, and later raped. This is what sex trafficking is. Sex trafficking is commonly defined as when violence, drugs, lies, or any other form of coercion is used to force another person to ha ve sex against their will. (Sex Trafficking in the U.S, 1)Read MoreCause And Effect Of Human Trafficking965 Words   |  4 PagesCause and Effect of Human Trafficking 1 The effect human trafficking has on world today. Human trafficking is victims have been the most disrespect and terrified people in the world. They are sold to slavery either for sex or labor services. The sad part about human trafficking happens right under our noises. I think in some cases of the Unite States some of larger companies that areRead MoreHuman rafficking a modern day slaveryT1673 Words   |  7 Pages12/4/2013 Essay 3 Professor Ngezem Human Trafficking: A Modern Day Slavery Slavery may have been abolished more than 100 years ago, but it still exists all around the world. Slavery defined is the subjection of a person to another person; being forced into work. Through the years, countless of battles have been fought and many lives lost to eliminate slavery, yet it still exists in the form of human trafficking. Human trafficking is the trade of humans, most commonly for the purpose of sexualRead MoreHuman Trafficking : An Evolving Global Phenomenon1719 Words   |  7 PagesHuman trafficking is an evolving global phenomenon that lacks adequate attention and information. The global issue has been around for many years, but it has been hidden and kept a secret by so many who knew it was going on. Today, there are â€Å"approximately 800,000 people trafficked across international borders† and many more trafficked from state to state (Richards 155). No longer is human trafficking hiding in the shadows of a small farm or town that is hidden away from a busy city near by. HumanRead MoreThe Global Impact Of Human Trafficking1640 Words   |  7 PagesThe Global impact of Human Trafficking Human trafficking is a global issue that receives very little attention throughout the modern world; this issue effects every country on the global and all different types of cultures. Hillary Clinton said in 2009 â€Å"Trafficking thrives in the shadows, and it can be easy to dismiss it as something that happens to someone else, in somewhere else, but that is not the case. Trafficking is a crime that involves every nation on earth, and that includes our own.† (BehnkeRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Hidden Crime1565 Words   |  7 PagesHuman trafficking are the illegal activity of people, usually for the purposes of obligatory workforce or commercial sexual abuse. In other words, it is also defined as a modern-day form of slavery involving the illegal occupation of persons for exploitation or sexual abuse. Human trafficking is a hidden crime as victims rarely try their best to seek help because of language problems, scared of the abuser and lack of law enforcement. Every yea r, millions of males, females, and youngsters are trafficked

Mary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Strange Case Of Dr....

Scientific Integrity in Frankenstein and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: Compare and Contrast Science plays an integral role in the development and findings of many great things that we can benefit from. Integrity along with a specific set of moral standards must always be followed in order to ensure the end result enables a healthy environment for all whom wish to benefit from such studies. Integrity must always play and be the most essential key role in scientific research. In Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein (1831) and Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886) one is able to conclude that integrity must be maintained while conducting scientific research as a lack of can result in the creation of monsters. In Frankenstein, there are endless possibilities in regards to science. Shelley is able to relay a message of integrity and moral importance through creation and destruction. Dr. Frankenstein had little to no regard for integrity while conducting his experiment. He allowed his desires to influence and ultimately create a monster in his basement, and while doing so he did not consider nor ask for input from his fellow colleagues. Victor Frankenstein’s loss in the battle between nature and science foreshadows destruction for Walton, as he too foresees he is nearing his journey. â€Å"Its productions and features may be without example, as the phenomena of the heavenly bodies undoubtedly are in those undiscovered solitudes. What may not be expected in a country ofShow MoreRelatedThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde Essay975 Words   |  4 PagesStevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a novella that follows the basic outline established by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein. However, Stevenson’s monster is not created from body parts but comes from the dark side of the human personality. In both novels, a man conducts a secret experiment that gets out of control. The result of these experiments is the release of a double, or doppelganger, which causes damage to their creator. While most people think that The Strange Case of Dr. JekyllRead MoreWhat Makes A Monster? Essay1461 Words   |  6 Pagesnovels such as Frankenstein and The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the monsters have been portrayed as these ugly petrifying beasts however if you look closely you realize that although the alleged â€Å"monster† is a heinous perpetrator committing sins of evil, the true monster of the story is man. The creators of these evil demonic beings are the ones lacking morals and common principles that result in the monstrous acts of their creations. In Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein, originally publishedRead MoreFrankenstein And Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1595 Words   |  7 Pages Though the books were published almost seven decades apart the monsters in Frankenstein and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde share many similarities: They were both created in laboratories by European scientists for somewhat morally suspect purposes, both were outcasts of society, and murdered characters secondary to their creator. Even in their final days they followed a similar archetype by taking the lives of their creators before ending their own. One should ask the question why these stories have stoodRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1035 Words   |  5 PagesHyde-ing In Plain Sight: The Duality of Dr. Jekyll Robert Louis Stevenson s initial notoriety came as an avatar of expansive adventure fiction, most famously through 1883 s Treasure Island. Just three years later, however, he would cement his status as one of the 19th century s most popular and versatile writers by releasing the horror suspense novel, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. It s a testament to Stevenson s concept of the duality of man-- the pious intellectual and the wantonRead More Science Fiction Explored in Frankenstein, Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and The Invisible Man2057 Words   |  9 PagesThe Legacy of Science Fiction Explored in Frankenstein, Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and The Invisible Man Science Fiction is a branch of literature that explores the possibilities of human scientific advances, especially technological ones. Mary Shelleys Frankenstein (published in 1818) was a precursor of the genre which was established by Jules Vernes novels of the late 1800s. HG Wells at the turn of the twentieth century brought more scientific rigour in his works, such as The Time MachineRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde3074 Words   |  13 PagesFrankenstein by author Mary Shelley is a Gothic science fiction novel written in Switzerland between 1816–1817, and published January 1, 1818. Set in eighteenth century Geneva, Frankenstein tells the story of a young man by the name of Victor who goes away to college to study natural philosophy, chemistry, and alchemy. When armed with the knowledge he has long been seeking, Victor spends months constructing a creature out of old body parts, and in the secrecy of his apartment, brings his creationRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1822 Words   |  8 PagesThe Use of Space in Robert Louis Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Robert Louis Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886) is widely regarded as one of the most prominent works of Gothic fiction. The story has over the years become ingrained into the collective human consciousness, providing a cautionary, often-sensationalised tale of the mysteries of human nature and of our dual capacity of being simultaneously good and evil. As a genre, Gothic fictionRead MoreHomosexuality in Victorian and Elizabethan Literature.6608 Words   |  27 Pagesmaking men faint like women, and making women powerful like men, and called it Dracula. Mary Shelley created a a physical being out of a mans suppressed homosexuality due to his Victorian male upbringing; a man named Frankenstein. Robert Stevenson described what happens when a homosexual male attempts to live double lives to cover up his true feelings, and entitled it The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. The Elizabethan era, like the Victorian era, had its own view of homosexuality. Iago,Read MoreStandards, Biases And Betrayal : Othello By William Shakespeare And Frankenstein 1316 Words   |  6 PagesDaniel Mascola World Literature 5/31/16 Standards, Biases and Betrayal Othello by William Shakespeare and Frankenstein by Mary Shelley share a common theme: betrayal. Victor Frankenstein betrays the monster he created, and Iago betrays his superior in command, Othello. In both cases, the person betrayed was viewed as an outcast whose physical appearance threatened established societal norms. In late sixteenth century Europe, the vast majority of people were white. The belief that they were raciallyRead More The Changing Role of Science Fiction Essay2351 Words   |  10 Pagesname a few.    Many scholars agree that the birth of science fiction came about in 1818 with the publication of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein. Shelley wrote in the popular style of the time, which lead many to believe her novel more Gothic than SF, but the creation of the monster and the questions that arose from that creation are wholly science fiction. Although Shelley had no real scientific background, and thus no terrific amount of process description in her novel, the scientific ideas

The Unexpected free essay sample

The Unexpected Has something ever happened to you out of the blue? It was November 9th, 2003, and it was my 8th birthday. We were having my birthday party at Gayetys Ice- Cream Parlor in Lansing, Illinois. Everyone was having such a great time, but then the party ended. My friend Courtney had lost her glove. We were searching for about ten minutes, but she had to go. About three seconds later my mom had found it. She told me to go to the back and see if her car was still there. I ran as fast as I could to the back door and then CRASH! I had run through the glass panel, thinking that it was a door. And someone was holding it open for me. I blacked out and when I woke up all I remembered was running. Everyone was shocked and they immediately call the paramedics to come and get me. We will write a custom essay sample on The Unexpected or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When I arrived at St. Margaret Hospital, we were in the waiting room for at least an hour. I finally go a room and the doctor and nurses came in to see what had happened to me. Then they got to work. I got stitches on my lip, right hand, right knee, my right foot, and on my left calf. The doctor also said that I had a broken nose. After they were all done stitching me up, my mom noticed a little piece of skin sticking out of my lip. She asked the doctor if it would heel that way and he said yes that he had made a mistake and it would heel that way. Well, I didnt want my lip like that so we asked him he could take them out and re-do them. The doctor said that if he did that then it would make a complete whole in my lip. The only other option was to get a plastic surgeon to re-stitch. It took three hours for the plastic surgeon to get to the hospital. It hurt so badly while she was putting the new stitches in. After she was done I had 28 stitches in all and a broken nose. The doctor did a walking test on me and I passed! I finally got to o home and rest. I was so happy to get home after the hospital and open up all my presents. I had to stay out of school for a month until I got my stitches out, and I could walk fully. When I got my stitches out it didnt hurt as bad as getting them. The doctor said that I had to put medicine on my scar everyday so that they wouldnt be as big. I was so happy to finally get all the stitches out of me. Now, I am very careful in everything I do. After this accident I have learned to take my time and walk to where I have to go. This was very unexpected and I hope for it never to happen again. By kristianamart

Theoretical Grammar free essay sample

The subject of theor grammar. Its relation to practical grammar. Grammar may be practical and theoretical. The aim of practical grammar is the description of grammar rules that are necessary to understand and formulate sentences. The aim of theor grammar is to offer explanation for these rules. Generally speaking, theor grammar deals with the L as a functional system. 2The grammatical structure of the English languageThe grammatical structure of language is a system of means used to turn linguistic units into communicative ones, in other words – the units of language into the units of speech. Such means are inflexions, affixation, word order, function words and phonological means. Generally speaking, Indo-European languages are classified into two structural types – synthetic and analytic. Synthetic languages are defined as ones of ‘internal’ grammar of the word – most of grammatical meanings and grammatical relations of words are expressed with the help of inflexions (Ukrainian, Russian, Latin, etc). We will write a custom essay sample on Theoretical Grammar or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Analytical languages are those of ‘external’ grammar because most grammatical meanings and grammatical forms are expressed with the help of words (will do). However, we cannot speak of languages as purely synthetic or analytic – the English language (Modern English) possesses analytical forms as prevailing, while in the Ukrainian language synthetic devices are dominant. In the process of time English has become more analytical as compared to Old English. 3Morphology and syntax as 2 main parts of grammar. Syntax can in linguistics be described as the study of the rules, or patterned relations that govern the way the words in a sentence come together. Syntax attempts to systematize descriptive grammar, and is unconcerned with prescriptive grammar. Morphology is a sub discipline of linguistics that studies word structure. While words are generally accepted as being the smallest units of syntax, it is clear that in most (if not all) languages, words can be related to other words by rules. Morphology is the branch of linguistics that studies such rules across and within l-ges8Syntax as a part of grammar. Kinds of syntactic theories. Syntax can in linguistics be described as the study of the rules, or patterned relations that govern the way the words in a sentence come together. Syntax attempts to systematize descriptive grammar, and is unconcerned with prescriptive grammar (see Prescription and description). Transformational-Generative Grammar. The main point of the T-G G is that the endless variety of sentences in a L can be reduced to a finite number of kernels by means of transformations. These kernels serve the basis for generating sentences by means of syntactic processes. Constructional Syntax. Constructional analysis of syntactic deals with the constructional significance/insignificance of a part of the sentence for the whole syntactic unit. The theory is based on the obligatory or optional environment of syntactic elements. Communicative Syntax. It is primarily concerned with the analysis of utterances from the point of their communicative value and informative structure. Pragmatic approach to the study of syntactic units can briefly be described as the study of the way language is used in particular contexts to achieve particular goals. Speech Act Theory was first introduced by John Austin. The notion of a speech act presupposes that an utterance can be said with different intentions or purposes and therefore can influence the speaker and situation in different waysTextlinguistics studies the text as a syntactic unit, its main features and peculiarities, different ways of its analysis. Discourse analysis focuses on the study of language use with reference to the social and psychological factors that influence communication. 13Subordinate word combinations. The notion of hypotaxis Subordinate word-groups are based on the relations of dependence between the constituents. This presupposes the existence of a governingElement which is called the head and the dependent element which is called the adjunct (in noun-phrases) or the complement (in verb-phrases). According to the nature of their heads, subordinate word-groups fall into noun-phrases (NP) – a cup of tea, verb-phrases (VP) – to run fast, to see a house, adjective phrases (AP) – good for you, adverbial phrases (DP) – so quickly, pronoun phrases (IP) – something strange, nothing to do. The formation of the subordinate word-group depends on the valency of its constituents. Valency is a potential ability of words to combine. Actual realization of valency in speech is called combinability. In  linguistics,  subordination  (abbreviated  variously  subord,  sbrd,  subr  or  sr) is a complex syntactic construction in which one or moreclauses  are dependent on the main clause, such as The dog ran home  after it had played with the ball. The italicized text is the subordinate clause. Hypotaxis  is the grammatical arrangement of functionally similar but unequal constructs (hypo=beneath,  taxis=arrangement),

The Scarlet Letter (changes in Chillingworth) essays

The Scarlet Letter (changes in Chillingworth) essays Through Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel The Scarlet Letter, we see dynamic changes in the various characters. Old Roger Chillingworth, or Mr. Hester, as he was formerly known, certainly proves this thesis. When we first meet Roger, on the day of Hester's public punishment on the scalfold, he is, indeed, a likeable man. He is a calm, intelligent man who lives for knowledge. He is out to harm none, just to become all the more knowledgable. Even to Hester, his own adultorous wife, whom had done him most wrong in the world, even to she he is gentle and, although perhaps a bit harsh with words (which, given the cercumstances, is understandable), healing. In the beginning, Roger Chillingworth is a wise, good old man. Yet, through the years, a changes comes over him. On the day of the scalfold on which he last spoke to Hester for a good many years he told her, as she would not confess it,he told her that he would know the man that so wronged him. And indeed, he did find the man, and even made himself a friend, physician, and confident to him. As if by an act of providence, the two men, this Minister Dimmsdale and our own Roger Chillingworth, were brought together. For years Roger spends his time picking at the minister, poking and probing his mind and heart, trying to move him to confession, under the guise of concerned doctor or friend. And, in due time, Roger loses that calm kindness, that knowledgable peacefulness that once was his nature. He becomes instead malicious, diabolical, plotting and vengeful. His very life begins to revolve around not learning, but avenging himself on Dimmsdale. And thus, good old Mr. Roger Chillingworth, by letting hate seep into his heart, turns to a men ancing feind. ...

Turgor Pressure and the Important Tree Cell

Turgor Pressure and the Important Tree Cell Turgor pressure, also called turgidity when occurring in trees and most plants are the pressure of cell contents exerted against the plant cell wall including tree leaf and stem cells. A turgid plant cell contains more water and minerals in solution than flaccid (deflated) plant cells and exerts a greater osmotic pressure on its cell membrane and walls. So, turgor is a force exerted outward on a plant cell by the water contained within the sturdy cell wall. Water and its solutions fill up tree cells up to its optimum expansion capability determined by the cell wall. This force consequently gives a succulent plant rigidity and helps non-woody plants to keep erect. Woody-stemmed plants have extra structural support in the form of wood cells and bark. When you actually see a mature woody-stemmed plant like a trees leaf wilt due to low turgor pressure, major damage may have been done and tree health compromised. Extreme turgidity can result in the bursting of a cell but is rare in nature. The tree cell wall is designed to handle pressures beyond the cell membrane. Turgor and Osmosis in Trees Turgor pressure is not the mechanism that rises solutions from roots to leaves. Trying to describe this simply, the process of osmosis creates tree and plant turgidity by the osmotic propensity of moving a heavy water volume of weak solution from the roots toward a low water volume of high solution in the leaves and branches. A solution, in this case, is simply a water mixture of solutes in the leaves being concentrated and high and the water-holding solutes entering the root being diluted and low. In this particular botanical example, water is the solvent with a mixture of dissolved concentrations of various nutritive substances called the solute.   As the trees liquid reaches a static or equal solution mixture from root to crown, turgor pressure becomes optimal and pressure increase stops. The Important Tree Cell Wall and Membrane A trees cell wall is a tough, flexible wicker basket that is rigid but flexible and has the ability to stretch and expand as the cell membrane inside expands. It surrounds the delicate cell membrane and provides these cells with structural support and protection. The cell wall will also act as a filter but the major function of the cell wall is to act as pressure support for the cell and its contents. The trees cellular membrane is a protective and functional cell layer that separates tree cell contents from the outside environment but is permeable to the organic molecules and minerals necessary to support tree life. Osmosis through the cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of tree cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is devoted to the protection of the cell contents from outside invasions of foreign materials.

Global Macroeconomic Imbalances as the cause of the crisis Essay

Global Macroeconomic Imbalances as the cause of the crisis - Essay Example This assignment seeks to present the various views of researchers with regards to the fact whether the micro-economic imbalance account for the main cause behind the crisis. The economic researchers have been increasingly involved in providing the basis and context for the occurring of the global financial crisis. Richard Portes have been particularly active in the media for his research on the origin as well as the implications of the recent credit crunch in the world economy. Richard has identified the main root and origin of the financial crisis as the world’s macro-economic imbalances which were responsible for bringing about huge inflow of capital across borders. This phenomenon was particularly overwhelming for the sophisticated financial systems present in the United States and the United Kingdom which was consequently responsible for the creation of asset price bubbles. This was also responsible for provoking ‘search for yield’ which with the support of th e credit rating agencies resulted in the creation of ‘toxic assets’ in the economy. Moreover during the break of the crisis coordination from the Central Bank was inadequate or not sufficient. This was considered to the main reason behind according to inference of Richard Roberts. He has also proposed a suitable solution to the problem as identified as above. His suggestion to the world economy was to deal with the macro-economic imbalances and also the remove the weaknesses of financial regulatory system. According to him the combined impact of the two solutions simultaneously would be the solution to the financial crisis (London Business School, 2008, p.1). Critical Assessment Following are some of the findings of the London Business School. The Russian Default occurring in August 1998 and the near death experience of LTCM was one of the main causes of imbalance in the financial markets. There were pervasive fears across the global economy during the month of Septembe r in the same year and by the beginning of October the US Treasury became liquid to a certain extent. This resulted in the fall in the dollar by about 15% in relation to the Yen in three

Past and present and fuuture technologies in his field of study or his Essay

Past and present and fuuture technologies in his field of study or his interest - Essay Example Students who study science and engineering are supposed to have more interest in the history of their main subject of study. In terms of the evolution of computers, the same capital has always been used but fresh and creative ideas over the years have allowed the technology to become better than the ones which were already being used. This paper will consider the development and improvement of computers over the years all the way to the present and will continue to predict what the computers are likely to do in the in the coming years. This paper should give a proper description of the improvement of computers together with the progress that have been seen it their technology. It is obvious that computers have become important in all the countries of the world even though the success they have achieved did not come overnight. The capabilities and abilities of computers have undergone a lot of improvement since they were invented with numerous advancements on a regular basis (Thyagarajan, Chelvi & Rangaswamy, 2000). This essay will study the progress that has been made in terms of computers, the way that they exist today as well as try to try to predict what they will be and the abilities they might have in the days to come. The initial function associated with computers, which was computing, was also important in coming up with their name as computing involves accepting inputs and creating outputs. During the Second World War, computing assisted physicists to develop the first ever atomic bomb as well as intelligence officers to understand the message in communications that were being sent by enemy soldiers. Regardless of the fact that these activities could have been done without the help of computers, they made the entire processes easy therefore decreasing the chances of human errors simply through provision of instruction making the activities undertaken efficient and effective. Even though the first computer had huge

Organizational Behavior Essay Example for Free

Organizational Behavior Essay With the advancement in technology the operations and scales of most business have become global in nature. Aside from this the target market of the corporations has also increased to include regional as well as international customers. This has requires the culture in most multination enterprises to change and adapt to diversification. Corporations have as a result invested in a diversified workforce that represents the various types of customers it targets and help create a much better understanding about the constantly changing and evolving target market. With the changing market dynamics the companies have also had to change their management styles. The most apparent trend for corporations has been to create a value based culture where the values are derived from the customer and business point of view the procurement training of employees is based on this value system. The best way to do this is by hiring people who have the desired talent and values required by the company. This reduces the cost of training and development for the company in the initial stages and contributes to a much better workforce which is intone with the organizations objectives and value system. However in most cases the new employees do require formal orientations where they are specifically informed about culture in place ion the organization and how the business conducts its operations. Yet again hiring people who share similar values as the organization does provides more harmony and direction for the workforce. Organization and Culture: Before establishing on a code of conduct of devising a formal culture for the organization, it is essential to define what organizational culture is. The culture at any organization is how the operations are performed in the entity and how the employees perform their specific jobs. Whenever the company is formally writing the essence of the culture it is acknowledging the core values of its operations and the company itself. As a result the culture should be representative of everyone in the organization and the values derived from it should benefit the company and its stakeholders as a whole. Therefore it is critically important for organizations to fully comprehend and understand the organizational culture in place in their organization before defining the values for the company or hiring personnel depending on their shared values with the business. Cameron and Quinn have designed a framework for the culture based on competing values. This framework identifies that there are essentially four kinds of cultures in an organization and any company can have either one of them or a combination as their organizational structure. These cultures have been specifically identified as the market culture, hierarchy culture and the adhocracy culture and the clan culture. Companies who have a clan type of a culture are organizations that operate based on their loyalty and relationship with others. Tradition and loyalty count as high priorities here and as a result employee commitment is a strong factor. Examples of organization that have this type of a corporate culture are the Japanese Companies. The market culture is characteristic of supermarkets and those companies operating in the retail sector. These kinds of organizations are result oriented and focus on getting the job done. The people usually employed in this company are competitive and goal oriented. The new hired sought by the company are leaders who can be tough and respond to the demanding nature of the organization. The company deems the pricing policies and intense competition as integral to the business. The vision of such organizations is to attain a large portion of the market share. Another form of an organizational cultures the hierarchy culture which is formalized in nature and structured according to rank and priority. The leaders in the organization are responsible for getting the work done and there is an essence of pride amongst the employees about their positioning the company. These companies are relatively predictable and they focus on hiring employees who are dependable and committed to long term employment in the company. The perfect examples of such organization are government organizations and public institutions. The last type of culture identified in the framework is the adhocracy culture which features entrepreneurship and creativity in the workplace. Organizations have this kind of a culture are usually dynamic and harbor innovation. They seek employees who are risk takers, creative and can be focus on the long term productivity and growth of the organization. The essence of this culture is innovation and commitment to change and diversification. An example of such a company is Google. Discussion: The main hotspots for cultural integration and diversification for Multinational Enterprises exist in the European, Asian and Middle East regions. A recent study was conducted to analyze the cultural orientation of the workforce and the similarities and differences for a multicultural workforce in Oman. The data for this research was conducted from about 700 employees employed in 6 large firms in Oman. â€Å"The results demonstrate a clear link between value orientations and preferences for particular HRM policies and practices. Group-oriented HRM practices are preferred by those who scored high on collectivism and being orientations, and those who scored low on thinking and doing orientations. Hierarchy-oriented HRM practices are preferred by those scoring high on hierarchy, subjugation and human nature-as-bad orientations, and those scoring low on thinking and mastery orientations. Finally, preference for loose and informal HRM practices was positively associated with being, and negatively associated with thinking, doing and harmony orientations. (Aycan, (et al), 2007) The HR employment policies and the recruitment process comprises of job identification and job design. When the specific characteristics of the job have been identified it becomes easier to document the requirements for the job. In market oriented firms companies seek prospective employees who are competitive and willing to embrace the values of the company. Colin Shaw conducted a research in association with the Marketing forum about employment in marketing. The research showed that â€Å"71 per cent of business leaders see customer experience as the next competitive battleground to be fought in a commercial marketplace — yet few are doing anything about it. Seven out of 10 customers say that emotions count for more than half of their customer experience. But most companies have not even thought through the emotions they are trying to evoke and will, therefore, struggle to recruit people who are able to evoke the positive emotions the company has identified. †(Shaw, 2002) Aside form simply managing diversity in the work force by creating a value based culture in the organization and hiring personnel on the basis of their value characteristics, the companies in multinational sectors can also develop relationship with their strategic partners, suppliers and affiliates on the basis of their organizational values. This is formally termed as Supply Relationship Orientation. Using this approach the organization can target a much diverse target market more efficiently and can also internalize most of its operations. The internal and external integration leads to strategic advantage for the company therefore further creating barriers to entry in the industry and making the organization more competitive. Job satisfaction is highly dependent upon the values that the employees have. These values can be cultural in nature or those endorsed by the organization. A study concerning the impact of cultural diversity on the employed job satisfaction showed that it is possible for people from different backgrounds and regions to have different values and work environment expectations. This specific study studied the Chinese nd Taiwanese organizations and depicted that â€Å"Integration, Confucian Work Dynamism and Human-heartedness are significantly different between Taiwanese and Chinese employees, while Moral discipline is not; Taiwanese employees have higher ES than Chinese employees; Taiwanese employees view career planning is the most important, while Chinese employees think management system is most important; For Taiwanese employees, Salary and benefit, Working load and Management system have effects on ES; Age and Education have effects on Chinese employees† (Chuan-Cheng Yu-Chen, 2007) Some cases of prominent organizations taking sides on their HRM and recruitment policies are depicted in the following examples. â€Å"Sears, for example, developed a strong culture based on its successes through the 1960s that kept later CEOs from making radical changes that were needed to respond to shifting consumer preferences. On the other hand, Wal-Mart, which was less restrained by its past, prospered during the same time period. † (Powell, 1998) When hiring new employees the bottom-line is to make way for a cohesive organization which is diversified in nature and its workforce yet is united in its structure, values and objectives. This is what has been termed as a model organization with an effective organizational perspective. Essentially the organization has two roles for an employee when it is hiring prospective personnel. These are that the organization needs employees who can help the organization grow and follow what is already in place in the organization. This is required to bring continuity into the business. However the other goal of the organization when recruiting new employees is to hire those candidates who are entrepreneurial in nature, risk takers and innovative, i. e. are willing to do what has never ever been done in the market or sector. In such situations the company needs to identify what are its core values and how it can attain both of its goals simultaneously. This requires identifying which values of the company fit the personal attributes of the company, and fit the situation the company is in. Then it needs to hire those employees which are suited to the values, goals and the job description in the company. â€Å"Searching for reinforcing fit on pivotal values is a good way for an organization to preserve the key elements of its culture. In fact, adherence to similar process values such as mutual respect, openness, participation, and consideration of alternative points of view facilitates a multicultural approach to diversity. On the other hand, searching for either reinforcing or extending fit on peripheral values seems unnecessary. Employees need to be allowed to express themselves as they wish, as long as they exhibit the pivotal values that support the organizations mission. † (Powell, 1998) Another view regarding value based recruitment of personnel is that the diversified and multinational corporations can invest in both kinds of employees by hiring those which are essential for the continuum of the organization as well as hiring those who fit the organization’s values and goals. This will enable corporations to have variety in the workplace and will aid in management of the diversified workforce by the use of actions teams. Aside from this there is another view which states that it may not be in the best interests of any organization to invest in the same values and culture over a long period of time. This is because the external and internal environment for the business is constantly changing and this requires the culture, and values of the organizations to also reflect change with the passage of time. â€Å"To be ready to play fundamentally different games at short notice, organizations need to keep themselves from being overly committed to one particular strategy. † (Powell, 1998) One way of adopting diversity in an organization and building a value based culture to sustain objectives is through the sequential process. The reason for using this process for managing diversity is due to the fact that the external environment is in a continuous change and the main stakeholders of any company are also facing similar changes in their lives. This makes the purchase decisions to be made on the basis of the vales of the company and therefore the employees and people in the organization are also required to work in accordance with the values of the company. An article by Steve Schuller in 2005 stated that merging diversification and value based culture the organization requires the company to adopt a focused hiring policy. This means that the company should strive to hire like minded people who share the values of the company. This can require employing on traditionally recruiting methods which can take the form of partnering with similar organization or organizations having similar technology and objectives. â€Å"Hiring is only the first step. Educating employees to understand and appreciate cultural differences and providing them with guidance about what diversity means to the organization is the most effective way to create an inclusive culture. Timing is critical. Dont make the mistake of marketing to diverse groups before providing your employees with the support and training they need to service these guests, who might have unique needs. Doing so could create negative guest experiences or hurt your efforts in the community. (Schuller, 2005). This text provides answers to the question whether only hiring personnel who share the values of the company is sufficient or should they be trained or not. The article states that even for newly hired personnel who share the values of the company it is essential for the business to provide them with orientation, mentoring and customer service training for leadership development according to the business ethics and the organizational culture in place in the company. Aside from this it is also important to communicate the values of the business and the company to the customers as well as to the employees. â€Å"Values are communicated to employees via overt internal communications, the ripple effect, senior management example/involvement, HR activities and external communications. While for consumers, values are communicated via their holistic experiences of the brand, interactions with employees, external brand communications and the tangible elements of the service offering. (De Chernatony, Cottam Segal-Horn, 2006) Conclusion: It can be derived from the above illustrated discussion that in order to manage diversity in the workplace and in the operations it is best to manage the company according to its salient nd existing value structure. This is the best recommended method for managing diversity as it does not contain any bias and conforms to the legal laws of the state and the personal values of the employees and the staff in the organization. The best way for establishing a value based organization culture is to first identify the culture for the organization and highlight its main points. The key values which give the company a comparative advantage and a competitive edge can be focused upon and these values can be derived top establish a new culture which is adaptable, innovative and in accordance with the changes taking place in the internal as well as the eternal environment of the business. Most companies seek to retain and manage the value based culture of the organization by hiring those individuals who share the commitment and the values of the organization. However it should be realized that even like minded people can end up having conflicts and as a result a base period of training has to be established in the organization for successfully managing the organization and its human capital.

Antony and Cleopatra :: William Shakespeare Plays Literature Essays

Antony and Cleopatra The legend of Cleopatra has percolated in the world consciousness for the past 2000 years. By the time Shakespeare wrote the tragedy Antony and Cleopatra the alluring reputation of the queen had existed primarily as a biased representation of a foreign female who insinuated herself into the Roman power structure. Shakespeare’s role in perpetuating the allure of the last of the Ptolemaic rulers was the result of synthesizing the existing biases and distilling the dichotomy between the woman and the queen. Consequently, Shakespeare portrayed her not only as an alluring woman who was thought of as a wanton corrupter of Roman ideals, but as a queen who tried to do what was best for her country, and a woman who tried to do what was best for herself. Shakespeare brought all of these aspects together and molded a character that Joseph Summers describes as the â€Å"transcendent image of beauty and nobility† (135), and firmly entrenched Cleopatra into the collect ive consciousness. As suggested in the introduction to Norton’s Antony and Cleopatra, the play â€Å"presupposes familiarity not only with events dramatized in that play [Julius Caesar] but also with earlier Roman conflicts† (Cohen 847) and, I would add, the reputation of various characters. Interestingly, there is no mention of Cleopatra in Julius Caesar even though she is the mother of Caesar’s son.[1] This relationship obviously infuriated the Roman leaders and as a consequence her role with Caesar is effectively diminished and her reputation is vilified. Cicero, the great Roman orator, described Cleopatra as â€Å"unacceptably regal and arrogant† (Higgs 229), while Octavian refers to her as â€Å"the wanton daughter of the Ptolomies† (Hamer 311). Northrop Frye contends that propaganda was necessary because â€Å"she was one person the Romans were really afraid of† (Frye 123). The propaganda, as Christopher Pelling alludes, was a result of â €Å"Octavian work[ing] seduously on Italian misogyny and xenophobia† (Pelling 294). Octavian’s promulgations evoked suspicion and hostility towards Cleopatra, and their main intent was to mitigate the idea that â€Å"Cleopatra [was becoming] a legend for Romans too† (Pelling 294). There is no way they would have described her as a woman who grieved the loss of Antony so passionately that â€Å"she beat her

Gangs vs Cults

Gangs and Cults Gangs and cults at first glance may seem very different, and in some ways they are, but when you look closer their cultures are very similar. Cults promote a particular belief system, recruiting members by tricking them or influencing them to believe what they are teaching or telling them. Gangs pretty much do the same thing. They create glorified myths about the gang that appeal to young recruits, and far too often these myths become the foundation for young aspirations.Gangs differ from cults by promising things like money, sex, power, and materialistic things to their members. In the following essay I will show how the two groups have similar and different cultures when it comes to the use of symbols, behaviors, and language. Symbols are a very important part of the gang culture. Signs and symbols are used to identify a certain gang or to intimidate and disrespect rival gangs. There are times when they are used to identify a group of gangs, referred to as a â€Å" nation†.Gang members use tattoos, graffiti, and a particular color of clothing to show who they are affiliated with. Cults use symbols to identify different religious beliefs. Some examples of these signs or symbols are as follows; the inverted pentagram is used in witchcraft and occult rituals to conjure up evil spirits, the hexagram is one of the most potent symbols used in the working of the powers of darkness, and the upside down cross symbolizes mockery and rejection of Christ.Symbols are used in very different ways in the two cultures. Gangs represent their set very proudly and openly displaying who they are affiliated with, while cults mostly display their symbols through jewelry. Slang is the unique language used by the street gangs and prison gangs in America. Gangs have created a language of their own. Some of the words and symbols have a universal use and meaning, while others have an ethnic, cultural, or regional meaning.A few terms used by gangs are; a buster-a fa ke or imitation, ace kool-best friend or backup, bangin-gang fighting or violence, baby gangster-very young (7-12 years) who are used to act as lookouts, hold drugs, and guns. Cults use hypnotic language patterns and metaphors, either consciously or unconsciously. Every religion or cult has its own language. Most cults will speak their native language to one another in private, or during ceremonies. It is usually considered rude to not speak common when there are people from another cult present.Cults tend to completely withdraw from normal regular society, into a communal isolated lifestyle. That lifestyle can be a relative one, where people withdraw locally within their regular communities, or, actually withdraw as a group into a distant or remote area with others who follow their beliefs. The polygamists of southern Utah, who live in Colorado City, are an example of this behaviour. Gangs on the other hand are completely different when it comes to behaviour. They are typically ref erred to as a group of people who engage in criminal activity.Gangs exist in urban and even in rural areas as well. There are well over a quarter million youths throughout the country who are involved in gang activity (Curry et al. 1992). In Los Angeles County their violent acts claim an average of one life a day (1989 McBride & Jackson). In the past three-and-a-half years, more than 23,000 people have been killed along the U. S. border in connection with gang violence. â€Å"21 dead in Mexican gang gun battle near U. S. border,† The Associated Press, July 2, 2010. These two groups are similar in the way the form their groups, and recruit members.Yet they are very different in their actions. In spite of external pressures on gangs and cults to conform to conventional social norms, they choose to follow an alternative lifestyle and adopt untraditional values. While some members of the general public tolerate their existence, others express covert or even hostility towards them through threats or physical crimes.References Bissel, B. (n. d. ). Signs and symbols. Retrieved from http://www. exposingsatanism. org/signs2. htm Walker, R. (2010, November 09). Gangs or us. Retrieved from http://www. gangsorus. com/index. html

Leather Made of Janitor Fish Skin

Leather Made of Janitor Fish Skin In ancient times, animal skin has been used by our ancestors as their reliable clothing for cold climates. The time is evolving; many ideas came out for where to get other sources of leather since the usage of animal fur and skins is against the animal welfare law for some countries, especially if the animal is an endangered species. Many manufacturers are seeking for other alternatives that can be used as Leather. On the other hand, Janitor fish is considered a pest because it brings imbalance to the ecosystem in some parts of the world, especially in the Philippines. Considering Janitor fish as pest, we can benefit from a pest by making its skin into leather. Janitor fish or the scientifically known as Hypostomus plecostomus is also commonly called Suckerfish, Sucker mouth Catfish or Pleco. Janitor fishes feed on algae, aquatic weeds, small crustaceans and other aquatic creatures. Moreover, janitor fishes would easily adapt in an environment where there is food. These fishes are peaceful in nature, thus, in an aquarium set-up; they can live with other fishes but are aggressive with fishes of the same kind. It was called such because of its sucking-like mouth. This specie originated from the Tropical Central America and South America. It usually dwells in fresh running waters and salty waters of river mouths. This specie is of no value as food, yet it is in demand in the aquarium industry in United States, Singapore, Hong Kong and even in the Philippines. . Here in the Philippines it is widely known as the Janitor Fish. It earned its name when it was first introduced here as an aquarium pet. It is usually seen in the sides of fish tanks sucking the growing algae. In the late 90’s, Marikina River was teeming with several freshwater species, some of which are the tilapia, carp, catfish, mudfish, and golden apple snail. Fishermen survived with just fishing in this river because of its abundance of fishes. . But for quite a time now, this river is encountering a huge depletion because of the rapid growth of Janitor Fish. This causes much problem amongst the City Officials and the fisher folks. The janitor fish invasion was believed to have started with the sudden outbreak of this specie from their breeding pens in Laguna de Bay and have traveled from there to the river. Another root of this was those aquarists, aquarium enthusiasts, who are already tired of taking care of their janitor fish just releases them in the open waters, in this case, in Marikina River. Ever since, fishermen had problems with their catch since janitor fishes had outnumbered the species native to the river. It was unlike before where the river was rich with fishes like tilapia, martiniko gurame, ayungin and biya. One reason for this is that the janitor fish doesn’t only compete with the food these other species eat but also suck the eggs of these fishes. Another reason is that the spiny and tough body of the janitor fishes bruise other fish species when the two get contact. This kills the fish. These fishes also contribute to the murky river in Marikina because these species are mud dwellers, thus causes commotion in the mud under water. Janitor fishes create holes in the banks as their hatching area for their eggs. Eventually, after these eggs hatch, the seedlings leave the hole. Once a certain area in the bank has lots of holes then there is a higher tendency for this area to collapse. This is called an outfall. If outfalls would continue, the width of the river might increase and the lanes built near the banks would eventually fall down. Janitor Fish is a fast multiplying specie that can last 10-15yrs. currently, it is infesting the water systems in the Philippines. The most famous of which is the Marikina River. The presence of this specie has greatly bothered the community. How are we going to lessen the growing number of janitor fish by making it more useful, environment friendly, and prevent to destroy the uniqueness and beauty of some river here in Philippines, especially Marikina River? There’s no scientific evidence that the meat of janitor fish is safe for human consumption. And since there’s a big threat of losing the Marikina River, we have to lessen them and make their skin more usable by making some leather goods. The population of the said fish grows faster than the ordinary fish. And having that basic information at hand, we can reduce their population by using them as an alternative source of leather. Janitor Fish are also making holes at the river side as their home. So, imagine having thousands of holes at the river side. Surely it can cause landslides, right? So my idea would be, since we Filipinos are so creative, let’s make the janitor fish skin more useful by using it as a source of leather. We have to be practical especially during these times, so I came up with the idea of putting janitor fishes’ skin into exotically good use. Here, leather will be produced from their very skin. Don’t you find that amusing? But the 65-billion dollar question is: how on earth will janitor fishes’ skin be made into leather? Can it compete with the quality of genuine leather? Can it really help in decreasing their rapidly growing number? Your questions will be answered as you read and indulge in the next texts. I will prove that the janitor fishes’ skin could be used quite impressively. Flip on the next pages and see! JANITOR FISHES’ SKIN PUT INTO GOOD USE—LEATHER. As I have observed, the janitor fishes’ skin is quite hard and shiny; most probably caused by its sliminess. Its skin is rubber-like and could be a very good material in making leather. The texture and composition of its skin is rough, yet slimy like leather. What products could usually be made of leather? Shoes, bags, belts, clothing, and wallets are just some of the possible products we can produce through its skin. Resourceful and useful indeed! The very texture and composition of the skin makes it an excellent alternative for leather. Also, this would a very good help in budget cutting, since the janitor fishes’ skin will definitely be less expensive than that of the genuine leather. Plus, the quality’s almost the same. Most importantly, our focus to reduce the growing number of janitor fishes that destructs most of our water resources where we get majority of sea foods. Since the janitor fish is considered as pest here in the Philippines and no one could think of a possible action to get rid of them, we’re going to get rid of them through making extra good use of their skin! In that way, aside from decreasing their number and putting them to use, we could also save a lot of money instead of purchasing expensive snake and alligator skins. As I have said earlier, it’s skin is rubber like yet slimy; just like the genuine leather made of snake and alligator skin. MARIKINA, the country's shoe capital, may soon be using Janitor fish skin as accent for footwear and other products as an alternative to alligator and snake skin.. But why are we going to get rid of Janitor fish, why not stick on the alligator or snake skin when making leather goods? Janitor fish doesn’t harm people unlike alligator or snake right? Well†¦ the answer to that question is that†¦ The fish digs holes in pond dikes and river embankments for its nest, eroding soil in the riverbanks. Although edible and harmless to humans, Marikina residents do not want to have it because of its seemingly dirty habitat. Janitor fish is a threat to freshwater biodiversity, Janitor fishes â€Å"compete for food with the native catfish, carp, mudfish, tarpons, mullets, tilapia and other fish species. Since they (janitor fishes) are opportunistic and voracious feeders, they may cause their numbers to increase enough to disrupt the marsh ecosystem by displacing the native fish species, and causing the reduction of native fish catch, that’s terrible right? Imagine having no native fish, just a janitor fish. What is worrisome is that the janitor fish has no natural enemies, and this means it can rapidly multiply,So, Janitor fish in the Marikina River, the city government has launched a campaign to get rid of the â€Å"pest† which multiplies very quickly. We can actually make wallets, purses, watch straps, billfold and key chains using skin from the belly of the fish. The janitor fish's skin has spots and patterns like those of alligators and snakes which are prized for their unique patterns and texture. Also, some study show that the oil from janitor fish could also be used as bio-fuel for motor vehicles. Imagine how greatly we could be of great help, not only to the country’s economy but to nature as well. Definitely, the circle of life is a mystery and the authority in decreasing the earth’s species numbers aren’t supposed to be in our hands, but let’s be practical. It is not money and time alone that we can save, but lives and people as well. For when this product would be endorsed and put to work, livelihood would boom. A lot of unemployed people could have jobs and spend their time wisely than staying outdoors or at home, doing nothing—being unproductive. Think wise, for the Lord made a lot of things with a lot of great purposes yet to be revealed and discovered. And when these things would finally be revealed, we will all be amazed in its beauty and greatness, its richness and uniqueness. This project of making fine leather from a pest’s skin (janitor fish) would be of magnanimous help to us all. Let’s be wise, conserve, be practical and support nature. I really hope this project would pursue, that in my own little knowledge, I imbibed and partake in bringing about change. To end this argument therefore, I must say that LEATHER MADE OF JANITOR FISHES’ SKIN is good and competent, and is a very product for the public. Having said over and over that we have to reduce their rapidly growing population as pests and also cope with our economic crisis, this product will definitely be great! Can you imagine leather at a cheaper cost? Leather made from a fishes’ skin? Leather than can compete with the quality of original and genuine leather? What more could you ask for? Aside from helping fishermen, you, above everything else, helps in saving the environment. See how a simple product could help a lot in conserving the richness and beauty of the environment? Indeed, great things could come from small things. We should eradicate the janitor fish as fast as we can. Like what I’ve said on the first part, â€Å"Imagine having no native fish, just a janitor fish†. We should fully support those people who are continually discovering and experimenting goods from janitor fish, not only from their skin but for whatever we can use from them. SOURCES: * (March 10, 2008) Janitor Fish Invasion in Marikina River: Plotting Potential Invasion on nearby water. http://epmgis. wikispaces. com/Janitor+Fish+Invasion+in+Marikina+River+Plotting+Potential+Invasion+on+nearby+Water *

Definition and Examples of Situational Irony

Definition and Examples of Situational Irony Situational irony is an event or  occasion in which the outcome is significantly different from what was expected or considered appropriate. Also called irony of fate,  irony of events, and irony of circumstance. Dr.  Katherine L. Turner characterizes situational irony as a long con- a ruse taking place over time. Participants and onlookers do not recognize the irony because its revelation comes at a later moment in time, the unexpected twist.  In situational irony, the anticipated outcome contrasts with the end result (This Is the Sound of Irony, 2015). The essence of situational irony,  says J. Morgan Kousser, lies in an apparent contradiction or incongruity between two events or meanings, a contradiction resolved when the literal or surface meaning turns out to be one of appearance only, while the initially incongruous meaning turns out to be the reality (Region, Race, and Reconstruction, 1982). Also Known As: Irony of situation, irony of events, irony of behavior, practical irony, irony of fate, unintended consequences, irony of existence Examples and Observations Situational irony, sometimes called irony of events, is most broadly defined as a situation where the outcome is incongruous with what was expected, but it is also more generally understood as a situation that includes contradictions or sharp contrasts...An example would be a man who takes a step aside in order to avoid getting sprinkled by a wet dog, and falls into a swimming pool.(Lars Ellestrà ¶m, Divine Madness. Bucknell University. Press, 2002)Not all forms of irony are conscious, intentional or planned. For example, irony also occurs serendipitously through unintended and unexpected circumstances or through the evolution of situations. Situational irony focuses on the surprising and inevitable fragility of the human condition, in which the consequences of actions are often the opposite of what was expected.(David Grant, The Sage Handbook of Organizational Discourse. Sage, 2004)[I]magine that a person has invested  a large sum of money in an apparently reliable company while mocking others for failing to take the same  opportunity. Then, the company turns out to be a failure and all the investors money is lost. The situation is ironical for two reasons in combination: (1) there is a mismatch between the investors certainty on the solvency of the company and the real situation; (2) after getting ruined, the investors unwise mockery of those who did not want to undertake any risk makes the investor look foolish. We may observe that, in situational irony, just like in verbal irony, there is incongruity between intention and effect or between belief and reality.(Francisco Josà © Ruiz de Mendoza Ibà ±ez and Alicia Galera Masegosa,  Cognitive Modeling: A Linguistic Perspective. John Benjamins, 2014) Situational Irony in A.E. Housmans Poem Is My Team Ploughing? â€Å"Is my team ploughing,That I was used to driveAnd hear the harness jingleWhen I was man alive?† Aye, the horses trample,The harness jingles now;No change though you lie underThe land you used to plow. â€Å"Is football playingAlong the river shore,With lads to chase the leather,Now I stand up no more?† Aye, the ball is flying,The lads play heart and soul;The goal stands up, the keeperStands up to keep the goal. â€Å"Is my girl happy,That I thought hard to leave,And has she tired of weepingAs she lies down at eve?† Ay, she lies down lightly,She lies not down to weep:Your girl is well contented.Be still, my lad, and sleep. â€Å"Is my friend hearty,Now I am thin and pine,And has he found to sleep inA better bed than mine?† Yes, lad, I lie easy,I lie as lads would choose;I cheer a dead man’s sweetheart,Never ask me whose.(A.E. Housman, Is My Team Ploughing?  A Shropshire Lad, 1896) Situational Irony in Creative Nonfiction Situational irony  abounds in fiction, but its also a major component to many  non- fiction  narratives- if you think about the popular storm books from a couple of years ago, Sebastian Jungers Perfect Storm and Erik Larsons Isaacs Storm, both accounts of these terrible hurricanes deal with the all-too-human disinclination to take nature seriously. Hey, how bad can some wind and rain be? Not going to stop me from raking in the dough.(Ellen Moore and Kira Stevens, Good Books Lately. St. Martins Press, 2004) The Irony of War Every war is ironic because every war is worse than expected. Every war constitutes an irony of situation because its means are so melodramatically disproportionate to its presumed ends.(Paul Fussell, The Great War and Modern Memory. Oxford University Press, 1975) Incongruity in Situational Irony Situational irony entails a certain incongruity between what a person says, believes, or does and how, unbeknownst to that person, things actually are. [In Sophocles tragedy Oedipus Rex]  Oedipus vows to discover Laius murderer, unaware that Laius was his father and that he himself is guilty of patricide. Whatever the precise nature of the incongruity involved in situational irony, verbal and situational irony loosely share a conceptual core of incongruity, often tending toward polar opposition, between two elements, such as a semblance of things and reality.Dramatic irony may be further distinguished as a type of situational irony; it is simply when situational irony occurs in a drama. The incongruity is between what a dramatic character says, believes, or does and how unbeknownst to that character, the dramatic reality is. The example in the preceding paragraph is, then, specifically of dramatic irony.(David Wolfsdorf, Trials of Reason: Plato and the Crafting of Philosophy. Oxfor d University  Press, 2008) A Wimbledon commentator may say, Ironically, it was the year he was given a wild-card entry, and not as a seeded player, that the Croatian won the title. The irony here refers, like linguistic irony, to a doubleness of sense or meaning. It is as though there is the course of events or human intentions, involving our awarding of rankings and expectations, that exists alongside another order of fate beyond our predictions. This is an irony of situation, or an irony of existence.(Claire Colebrook, Irony. Routledge, 2004) The Lighter Side of Situational Irony Sheldon: So this is how it ends: with cruel irony. Just as I make the commitment to preserving my body, I am betrayed by my appendix, a vestigial organ. Do you know the original purpose of the appendix, Leonard? Leonard: No. Sheldon: I do, and yet I am doomed while you live on. Leonard: Funny how things work out, isnt it?(Jim Parsons and Johnny Galecki in The Cruciferous Vegetable Amplification. The Big Bang Theory, 2010)

Educational leadership styles Which one fits you

Educational leadership styles Which one fits you If you’re looking to take your career in education to the next level, part of that means understanding what kind of leadership skills you have- and how you’d apply those in your job. Because educators are already a pretty diverse crowd, it should be no surprise that leadership styles can vary pretty widely too. So let’s look at the main types of educational leaders. The AuthoritarianThis sounds severe, but the authoritative leader is the one who is able to set a clear direction or implement a new vision. This means the leader is a decision-maker, often the final say. The authoritative leader is often the cheerleader-in-chief, motivating a team (or multiple teams) toward a single goal. The authoritative leader is a confident, strong voice, and comfortable making decisions. If you feel more comfortable giving orders than taking them taking them, then this might be your style.Pro: Things get done how you want them done.Con: Team members may have trouble connecting t o this kind of leader, since they’re less engaged in the decision-making process.The Team BuilderThis kind of leader, also known as an affiliative leader, focuses on building, maintaining, and repairing relationships. The affiliative leader’s priority is on harmony and collective productivity. This type of leader typically strives to get input from others and have good relationships with everyone on the team, rather than hand down assignments.Pro: Team members feel valued and connected.Con: Poor performance is sometimes ignored in favor of maintaining larger group harmony.The PoliticianThis kind of leader, also known as the democratic leadership type, works on consensus. This leader has the final say, but relies on having other stakeholders weigh in as well. The diverse perspectives can foster creativity and innovation, because everyone is able to give input and share their points of view.Pro: Team members feel more engaged because they have a say in the process.Con: D ecisions may not happen quickly if you’re waiting for mass buy-in.The CoachThe coaching-focused leader prioritizes team development over immediate achievement. Meeting goals is about the process, and providing feedback and instruction to make sure that members of the team are able to succeed in the project at hand, or on a more long-term basis. It’s also a natural leadership style for many teachers, who are already accustomed to nurturing talent to hit milestones. In this role, the coaching leader often delegates tasks and responsibility to help team members understand and learn in a hands-on way.Pro: This is a very forward-thinking leadership style, and encourages team members to set and achieve their own goals.Con: It can be time-consuming to incorporate feedback and ongoing training. Also, if team members are resistant to learning, that can also slow overall progress.The VisionaryThe visionary leader is focused on innovating and improving outcomes. For these leaders , the status quo is less important than setting goals and improving how students learn, how teachers work in the classroom, etc. The visionary leader typically spends a lot of time brainstorming and engaging others in common goals.Pro: Employees feel empowered to find new ways to accomplish goals.Con: Sometimes focusing on the big picture can lead to neglect of the everyday, or less interesting tasks at hand.There is no one-size-fits-all leadership style for an educator, or even a school. So depending on your personality and your goals, it may be that one of these suits you really well- and others not at all. Whatever your leadership style is, it’s important to nurture those qualities and find leadership opportunities that work for you.

CONVENT LIFE OF A CAMELITE NUN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

CONVENT LIFE OF A CAMELITE NUN - Essay Example Her new novice’s veil seemed to have its own source of light and it radiated above her feet, catching the rays of the moon from the small, high window. This reminded Jessie of the momentous decision which had brought her here to begin a new life of prayer and seclusion. Thinking of the greatness of God and the exciting prospect of joining this community of nuns, Jessie eventually fell asleep. There was a faint ringing in the distance, and Jessie dreamed of the convent garden, where she would pray with the other novices. The sun would shine and she would sing with the nuns, happy at last to be a part of their community. How sweet the bell sounded, and how glorious it was to have a calling to be a Carmelite nun! There would be endless days of sunshine and singing, and Jessie would look serene and contented in her distinctive habit and veil, happy at last to have found her true vocation. A rough hand shook Jessie’s shoulder and she opened her eyes to see an older woman shaking her fist and looking very cross. In total silence the nun pulled Jessie from the bed and dragged her down the corridor to the washroom. In less than three minutes she was stripped of her nightgown and bundled into the uniform of the novitiate – a full-length brown habit and the white novice’s veil. â€Å"Wait, wait, I have to adjust my clothes† she cried, searching in vain for a mirror, but the nun placed one finger on Jessie’s lips and pushed her unceremoniously through the door. The chapel was filled with nuns. Jessie slunk in to a pew at the back, and tried to look inconspicuous. An hour of silent prayer was followed by an hour of psalms and readings and then a formal Mass. The overriding sensation that Jessie felt was tiredness, although boredom and hunger also troubled her during these lengthy rituals. Everyone else seemed to know exactly what to do. When to sit, or to stand, and how to respond to the Divine Office. At last, the nuns filed

Ancient Dance References Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ancient Dance References - Essay Example Ancient Dance References Dance is a pastime and a ritual that, while historical, has very little traceable history. There is plenty of evidence to show that it has existed for many millennia, perhaps even since the dawn of mankind, but there are great gaps between the dance that we know now and the dance that existed back then.Dance, being a physical activity, is unable to leave behind concrete proof of its presence. As such, it is only a guess that dance has been around since the beginning of human beings. We are able to rely on the few bits of historical evidence to accompany this assumption, even though it still remains to be just an assumption. Likewise, the questions of where dance originated from, why it was started, and how it was originally practiced are only able to be answered with educated guesses. Descriptions of ancient dances are few and far between, but they do exist. This allows us a glimpse into the past of dancing. One of the first greatest descriptions of dance com es from India and was written by Bharata Muni, a man who lived approximately between 500 BC and 200 BC. The textbook that he wrote, which was called the Natya Shastra, outlined many things in regard to theatre and music, but the majority of the book was based on dance. Bharata wrote in great detail about a variety of dances, focusing a lot of pages to every movement in each of the dances. He also divulged into descriptions of the social contexts that these dances would be used in. This book is considered to be the first detailed account of dance.

Xploring Empirical Modeling and web-enabled EM tools Essay

Xploring Empirical Modeling and web-enabled EM tools - Essay Example In this paper, the concepts of EM with web-enabled EM tools will be investigated in accordance with a classic game ‘Battleship’. Web EDEN is the first web-enabled version of EDEN introduced in 2007, but there were few potential disadvantages of Web EDEN. However, a newer version of web-enabled EM tools called JsEden, has been developed in 2010. It is based on a JavaScript implementation of EDEN and it eliminated the major disadvantage introduced by Web Eden. This paper will explore JsEden and its advantages. The first web-enabled EM tool is called Web-EDEN, it was introduced in 2007. Web EDEN has several disadvantages. The major disadvantage is load-balancing between client and server. This is because EDEM models run at the clients are sent to the server for interpretation which produces a large network load. Thus the interpretation is slow. However, JsEden has resolved this issue by implementing EDEN with JavaScript, although this is still in prototype stage, but it deals with all the issues of Web-Eden and provides several advantages over Web-EDEN. Given that JsEden is a browser based implementation of EDEN, thus, it addresses the issues of portability and provides capability of cross-platform. JsEden has improved the portability to a greater extent by implementing EDEN using JavaScript. However, portability is addressed by following the principles of EM. In this scenario, the major concepts such as observables, dependency and agency are not machine-specific terms; they are related to experience that comes from interacting with computer during the construction of models. In addition, the traditional implementation of EDEN has relied on invoking procedural actions triggered by observable changes. Additionally, drawing interface in JsEden has to be explicitly programmed and point on the display has to be redrawn to maintain the dependency between internal state and their visual counterpart. Since

Cetuximab Antibody Production

Cetuximab Antibody Production Cancer has been studied widely for many decades and is a major part of ongoing research worldwide. During the research a new generation of so-called targeted therapies have been produced to target specific molecular processes that promote cancerous tumour growths. The research lead to development of the drug called Cetuximab which is used to treat head and neck cancers and colon and rectum cancers including large bowel. It is produced under the brand name of Erbitux which is produced by Merck Serono company which is located in Dublin 24 in Ireland. Cetuximab is widely produced in US by several pharmaceutical companies such as Imclone, Bristol Myers Squibb and in UK as well. The treatment with Erbitux is very expensive and the reason for that is because it is a chimeric monoclonal IgG1 antibody which is produced in a mammalian cell line by recombinant DNA technology which requires cost expensive labour and ingredients. (http://www.medicines.ie/medicine/12082/SPC/Erbitux+5mg+ml+solutio n+for+infusion/ 2010) One of the widely studied areas is molecular targets such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which lead to development of Cetuximab which works on these molecular targets. Cetuximab works by inhibiting activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Cetuximab was approved by (FDA) Food and Drugs Administration for the use in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) using the combination of radiotherapy and for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) as single drug or in combination with chemotherapy. (Bruno Vincenzi, Gaia Schiavon, Marianna Silletta, Daniele Santini, Giuseppe Tonini, 2008) Cetuximab is a recombinant chimeric human murine immunoglobulin G1 antibody that binds to the extra-cellular domain of epidermal growth factor receptor with a higher affinity than either endogenous ligand. This binding inhibits receptor phosphorylation and activation and it leads to receptor internalization and degradation. Several studies have shown that cetuximab is able to inhibit growth of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-expressing tumour cells in vitro. Moreover, treatment with cetuximab results in a marked inhibition of tumour growth in nude mice bearing xenografts of human cancer cell lines. These results are linked to cetuximab biological effects as inhibition of cell cycle, tumour progression, neo-angiogenesis, invasion and metastatization, as well as increase and activation of pro-apoptotic molecules. Additionally, cetuximab potentiates, in combination, the effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy in eradicating well-established tumours in nude mice and it may even reverse the resistance to some cytotoxic agents in these xenografts. Moreover, numerous clinical trials demonstrated cetuximab efficacy in different tumour types. It has been approved by Food and Drugs Administration in the treatmen t of metastatic colorectal cancer as single agent or in combination with chemotherapy, in locally and regionally. (Bruno Vincenzi , Gaia Schiavon, Marianna Silletta, Daniele Santini, Giuseppe Tonini 2008) Cetuximab is a chimeric human murine derivative IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) that binds extra-cellular domain of the EGFR. This binding inhibits activation of receptor tyrosine kinase and the associated downstream signalling that includes the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and the Janus kinases (Jak) signal transducers and activator of transcription pathways. Furthermore cetuximab induces antibody-mediated receptor dimerization, internalization and degradation leading to receptor down-regulation. In addition, it can determine antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) that could contribute to its antitumoural effect. EGFR is expressed on normal and malignant epithelial cells and it plays an important role in tumour biology. In fact, it promotes proliferation, metastatization, angiogenesis and inhibition of apoptosis. (Bruno Vincenzi, Gaia Schiavon, Marianna Silletta, Daniele Santini, Giuseppe Tonini, 2008 p. 94) The most common EGFR alteration in tumour cells is its over-expression that may lead to ligand-independent receptor dimerization. EGFR is frequently over-expressed in human tumours including breast cancer, lung cancer, glioblastoma, bladder carcinoma, head and neck cancer, ovarian carcinoma, colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. Overexpression of EGFR determines the rate of disease progression and aggresivness of cancer. The rate of expression of EGFR can give an overall picture on diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Table 1 Rate expression of EGFR in different tumour types Tumour type Rate of EGFR expression Head and neck 90‚100% Breast Up to 91% Renal Up to 90% Cervical Up to 85% NSCLC Up to 80% Colon Up to 89% Ovarian Up to 77% Prostate Up to 47% Glioma Up to 63% Pancreas Up to 95% Bladder Up to 72% EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor, NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer. (Bruno Vincenzi , Gaia Schiavon, Marianna Silletta, Daniele Santini, Giuseppe Tonini, 2008 p. 95) The mechanisms through which cetuximab expresses its antitumour activity are numerous and not completely understood yet. Different studies demonstrated that cetuximab mediates cell cycle arrest in various tumour cell lines, leading in some cases to apoptosis (programmed cell death). Numerous studies has proven that cetuximab decreases tumour cell production of angiogenic growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bFGF and interleukin-8 (IL-8). The decrease in angiogenic growth factors, in turn, correlates with a significant decrease in microvessel density and an increase in apoptotic endothelial cells in human tumour xenografts. Angiogenesis is a complex process through which new blood vessels arise from existing vasculature. It is tightly regulated by balance between pro-angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors and it involves autocrine and paracrine signalling. (Bruno Vincenzi, Gaia Schiavon, Marianna Silletta, Daniele Santini, Giuseppe Tonini, 2008 p. 97) Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have proven that cetuximab inhibits the invasive and metastatic ability of different tumour types. Tumour invasion is a complex process that needs active interactions between tumour cell, the extra-cellular membrane (ECM) and other stromal elements Different coordinated events are required for cell invasion: firstly, changes in cell‚ cell and cell‚ matrix adhesion, secondly, degradation of ECM, and finally, cell migration, cytoskeletal rearrangement and acquisition of enhanced proteolytic potential. (Maria Luisa Veronese, Peter J. ODwyer, 2004) Cetuximab has been shown to inhibit the expression and activity of several MMPs (Matrix Metalloproteinase enzymes related to tissue healing/remodeling and cancer cell metastasis) including the gelatinase MMP-9. Several studies correlated this antibody-mediated reduction in MMP production with both a significant reduction in in vitro tumour-cell invasion and the inhibition of tumour growth and metastasis in nude mice. Compared with its inhibitory properties, cetuximab immunologic mechanisms have not been extensively studied. Cetuximab may be trigger an ADCC reaction, leading to an indirect antitumour activity by the recruitment of cytotoxic host effector cells such as monocytes and natural-killer cells. Cetuximab ADCC (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity) activity has been described against several tumour cell lines expressing wild-type or mutant EGFR. (Bruno Vincenzi , Gaia Schiavon, Marianna Silletta, Daniele Santini, Giuseppe Tonini 2008 p. 98) Cetuximab, the medicinal ingredient of Erbitux, is a recombinant, human/mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds specifically and with high affinity to the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Cetuximab functions as a competitive antagonist that inhibits the binding of ligands to EGFR which results in the inhibition of growth and survival of tumour cells that express EGFR. Cetuximab is produced by recombinant DNA technology in a mouse myeloma derived cell line. The manufacture of cetuximab is based on a master and working cell bank system, where the master and working cell banks have been thoroughly characterized and tested for adventitious contaminants and endogenous viruses in accordance with the ICH guidelines. Results of these tests confirmed cell line identity and absence of adventitious agents/viral contaminants. Genetic characterization (restriction endonuclease mapping and copy number analysis) also demonstrated genetic stability of the master cell bank ranging from storage to production at the limit of in vitro cell age. The manufacture of cetuximab comprises a series of steps which include cell culture, harvest, and purification. The purification is performed via a combination of chromatographic and viral inactivation/removal steps. The consistency of the manufacturing process is ensured through defined production procedures, critical quality tests, in-process limits and cetuximab certificate of analysis specifications. Microbial control is maintained throughout the manufacturing process by testing for bioburden as well as for bacterial endotoxins. In-process controls performed during manufacture were reviewed and are considered acceptable. The specifications for the raw materials used in manufacturing the drug substance are also considered satisfactory. The Erbitux manufacturing process consists of adjusting cetuximab formulated bulk concentration and filling into vials using proper aseptic process techniques, and conventional pharmaceutical equipment and facilities. Erbitux is manufactured within the lab which obeys GMP (Good Manufacturing Practise). One-hundred percent of the patients in the pivotal trial experienced an adverse event (AE). Eighty percent of these were grade 3 or 4 in nature. The most commonly reported AEs in order of frequency were asthenia, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain and acne. Based on the data from this trial, the AE profile of the combination of irinotecan and cetuximab is the aggregate of the AE profile of each individual agent. There was no evidence that the addition of either agent exacerbated the AE profile of the other agent, nor was there any evidence of frequently occurring new AEs. The most common AEs associated with irinotecan were less frequent than in other trials with irinotecan in CRC. Similar results were observed in the non-pivotal studies. (http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-ps/prodpharma/sbd-smd/phase1-decision/drug-med/sbd_smd_2007_erbitux_088225-eng.php 2007) The treatment with Erbitux is very expensive and the reason for that is because it is a chimeric monoclonal IgG1 antibody which is produced in a mammalian cell line by recombinant DNA technology which requires cost expensive labour and ingredients. Erbitux is available in injectable form only and contains 5mg/ml solution for infusion. Erbitux is a colourless solution. Cetuximab is available for injections in different vial sizes: vial of 10 ml contains 50 mg cetuximab vial of 20 ml contains 100 mg cetuximab vial of 50 ml contains 250 mg cetuximab vial of 100 ml contains 500 mg cetuximab Cetuximab is used for the treatment on patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-expressing, KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with chemotherapy. It can also be used for the the treatment of patients with quamous cell cancer of the head and neck in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy for recurrent metastatic disease. Patients who receive treatment first time must receive treatment with corticosteroid and antihistamines in order to avoid allergic reaction to the drug and body attacking the drug. It is also recommended to receive treatment with corticosteroids and antihistamines for all subsequent infusions. For all types of treatments Erbitux is administered once per week. The starting dose is 400 mg of cetuximab per m2 body surface area. All subsequent weekly doses are 250 mg cetuximab per m2 each. Cetuximab can be used in patients with colorectal cancer as a single drug or in combination with chemotherapy. For patients with squamous cell cancer of neck and head it is used together with radiation therapy. Allergic skin reactions are very common with Cetuximab patients which occur in more than 80% of patients, the reason for that is because Cetuximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody drug. The majority of allergic skin reactions will develop within the first 3 weeks of treatment. These include dry skin, skin rash, eczema, nail disorders, in some severe cases skin necrosis. These skin problems generally resolve once the treatment is ceased. Sometimes Cetuximab can cause skin lesions and patients with sensitive skin may develop superinfections like MRSA, or in other cases cellulites, sepsis, or scalded skin. (http://www.medicines.ie/medicine/12082/SPC/Erbitux+5mg+ml+solution+for+infusion/ 2010) Cetuximab works in many different ways : it inhibits cell cycle progression metastatization and invasion, angiogenesis, increase and activation of pro-apoptotic molecules. When cetuximab is used in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy its effects are synergic. Effectivenes is much higher if when used in combination rather than separately. Cetuximab is relatively new drug and it is not fully understood its working mechanisms and new types of drugs like cetuximab promise effective treatment against cancer.

Hawthornes Characters: Pride Of Intellect :: essays research papers

Hawthorne's Characters: Pride of Intellect Many of Hawthorne's characters wrap themselves in a pride of intellect. The characters become victims of their pride and consequently suffer. Goodman Brown, from "Young Goodman Brown" and Hooper, from "The Minister's Black Veil" are two characters that suffer from a pride of intellect. Their pride causes them similar problems and they end up living similar lives, although they came from different backgrounds. Hooper and Goodman Brown both become isolated from society. Hooper had a revelation, and he feels that he truly understands human nature and sin. However, he believes that he is above everybody else because he has this understanding. This is what causes the major separation between Hooper and society. After Hooper dawns the veil he can no longer function or act as a normal person, because of this feeling of superiority. His perception of an ultimate human isolation leaves him the man most isolated in what Hawthorne describes as that saddest of all prisons, his own heart . . . "(The Minister's Black Veil,228). The veil affects all parts of his life, his fiance leaves him and he can no longer relate to his congregation the same way. "As a result of wearing the veil, Hooper becomes a man apart, isolated from love and sympathy, suspected and even feared by his congregation"(Minister's Black Veil, 228). Goodman Brown suffers the same fate because he also has a feeling of superiority over the rest of the village. He attains this feeling after he sees all the people that he though were good and pure participating in satanic rituals in the forest. He looses all faith in the community and feels as though he is above them because he was able to resist the devil. The lack or trust trusting that Goodman Brown had separated him from the community because he was a strong Puritan and felt as though he could not associate devil worshipers. "Brown, despairing and embittered, belongs neither to the Devil's party nor to the only other life-sustaining cause he knows--that of the Puritan faith and the Puritan community"(Levy,119). Hooper and Goodman Brown's pride of intellect cause them to loose a loved one and their kind and loving nature. Hooper drives his fiance Elizabeth away by wearing the veil. Elizabeth sees how Hooper is separating himself and it scares her away from their purposed marriage. "Hooper's fiancee, seems at first unawed by the veil. To her it is merely a cloth that hides the face she most delights to see. But, like a sudden twilight in the air, Elizabeth suddenly senses the unapproachable inner isolation of the man who wears it, and its'

Friendship: Meaning of Life and Friends Essay

What is a friend? According to Aristotle, a friend is a single sole dwelling in two bodies. People understand the concept of friendship differently, but there is one common ground for it. It is always built on a mutual sympathy. Friendship plays an important role in our lives, to a large extent. Friends can help you find the meaning of life by helping you overcome challenges. They are people in your life that care for you and they simple add joy and meaning to your life. In some cases it is short and finds its end quickly, while in other cases it may last for many years and grow stronger every year. True friendship is built on trust and mutual support. Your real friend will always find time to talk and try to find solutions to the hard problems you face every day. They are always there to help you and expect the same from you. Friends are psychologically comfortable with each other, and sometimes are emotionally closer than with their relatives. Friends help you overcome challenges you may face at times in your life. A special thing about friendship is that friends have the ability to do different things like simply talking something through and giving advice or physically helping you Sometimes friends find more comfort in each other rather than family because they might have the idea that there family might judge them, and there friend will tell it right. In difficult times, friends make you see things from a different point of view, allowing you to take time to reflect and examine the situation. Doing this it allows you to see another perspective of the situation and find another way to overcome your challenge. Not only do friends help you through situations, but they go about this through love. Friends are people in your life that love and care about you. They will not only help you through something but they are the ones that will always be there for you in those times of need. They care about you and how you feel and that is what makes them a true friend. A friend is someone who believes in you when you have yet to believe in yourself. They help you to find the meaning of life because they let you know that there is someone out there that cares for you and that you are valuable to someone else in this world. Friends are not only there to help you, but they also add fun, happiness and joy to life. They add fun, happiness and joy as you can relate to each other and share the same values about things. Through sharing the same values you are able to laugh and joke about things that you will both find funny as you share the same ideas. They can make you forget about any problems you have by simply having some fun. Friends can be your whole life as you revolve many things around them. You know you can trust them as much as they can trust you. Friends help us to not take everything in life too seriously and have a bit of fun by simply being in each other’s company. Friendship has great value in the meaning of life. It is one of the richest treasures of life. Friends help you overcome challenges and difficult times in your life, through talking and physically helping you. They are someone who knows you well and cares about you, so that everything they do for you and through love. When the crowd dies down after a crisis, your friends are the ones who are still active. Friends will sit with you in the hospital, be with you while you grieve, be available at a moment’s notice of crisis, come out to help in the middle of the night, stand up for you, lend a hand when there is work to be done, be loyal to you, have fun with you, make you laugh when you are sad etc etc†¦ and the list goes on. The most important thing about friendship is that it adds meaning and value to our lives.